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INPUT   DATA

♥ EXAMPLE Of Input/Output

Title

Wet volume of sample, V		cc
Wet weight of sample, W		gm
Dry weight of sample, Ws		gm
Specific gravity of soil solids, G

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OUTPUT   VARIABLES   &   GRAPHS

Variables	Values	Units
♦  Porosity, φ			Graphs:  Solids, Water & Air fractions in Soil
♦  Void ratio, e
♦  Saturation, S
♦  Moisture content, m
♦  Air content, a
♦  Bulk density, γbulk		gm/cc
♦  Saturated density, γs		gm/cc
♦  Dry density, γd		gm/cc
♦  Bouyant density, γbouyant		gm/cc

Properties Of Soils

Soil samples consists of three phases: solids (soil particles), water and air. Soil properties are measured in situ in the field or in the laboratory. Typically, the measurements include wet volume, wet weight and oven-dried weight. A variety of properties can be defined or derived as shown in the inter-relationships below:

where
     V = total volume of wet sample
     W = total weight of wet sample
     subscripts _s,w,a,v = solids, water, air, void respectively
     V_v = V_w + V_a
     G = specific gravity of soil solids
     e = voids ratio
     n = porosity
     S = degree of water saturation
     m = moisture content
     a = air content
     γ = density
     γ _d = dry density
     γ _sat = saturated density
     γ _bouyant = density when submerged in water

Tips

    ◊ Use link EXAMPLE Of Input/Output  to demo data entry expectations and results; you may edit & use it as starting point

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Mikhelson I; Structural Engineering Formulas; McGraw Hill, New York, 2004.
• Hicks TG; Civil Engineering Formulas, Pocket Guide; McGraw Hill, New York, 2002.
• Hannan E; The Site Calculation Pocket Reference; John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999