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INPUT   DATA

♥ EXAMPLE Of Input/Output

Title

Sand-to-cement weight ratio
Gravel-to-cement weight ratio
Cement specific gravity
Sand specific gravity SSD
Gravel specific gravity SSD
Cement weight per sack		kg
Water volume per cement sack		m3
Entrained air		%

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OUTPUT   VARIABLES   &   GRAPHS

Variables	Volume m3/sack	Weight kg/m3
♦  Cement
♦  Sand
♦  Gravel
♦  Water
♦  Yield

Yield Of Concrete

The yield or quantity of concrete of a trial batch is used to predict the total quantity of concrete to be obtained from a job mix. The absolute volume for each of the component materials (cement, sand, gravel, and water) is given by:

V = W/[(sg_m)*(den_w)]

where
     V = absolute volume, ft³(m³)
     W = weight of loose material, lb(kg)
     sg_m = specific gravity of material, saturated-surface-dry state
     den_w = density of water, 62.4 lb/ft³(1000 kg/m³)
     a = air-entrainment fraction

The sum of the four component materials absolute volumes gives the yield. Some cements have air-entraining agents added during manufacture, and these increases the yield by the factor 1/[1-a]. It is also important to know how heavy the concrete components are per unit concrete volume.
A useful conversion unit in concrete mixing is: 1 lb/ft³ = 27 lb/yard³ = 16.01846 kg/m³

Tips

    ◊ Use link EXAMPLE Of Input/Output  to demo data entry expectations and results; you may edit & use it as starting point

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Lindeburg MR; 101 Solved Civil Engineering problems; Professional Publications, Inc., Belmot, CA, USA, 2001.
• Everard NJ; Reinforced Concrete Design, Schaum's Outlines Series, McGraw-Hill Inc, New York, 2004
• Hicks TG; Civil Engineering Formulas, Pocket Guide; McGraw Hill, New York, 2002.